Keine ausführliche Beschreibung für "Die Geistige Mitte" verfügbar.

Cílem této práce je ukázat Fergusonovy základní teze týkající se pojetí lidské přirozenosti a zkoumat, jaké z nich plynou závěry a jestli mohou tyto závěry neproblematicky koexistovat. V první části práce se chci pokusit najít vnitřní jednotu ve Fergusonově teorii lidské přirozenosti a ukázat, že Fergusonovo pojetí člověka je konklusivní. Zkoumání přirozenosti člověka je pro Fergusona velmi těsně spjato se zkoumání vztahu jedince a společnosti. Právě v pojetí tohoto vztahu vzniká problémová situace, pokud budeme chtít podržet Fergusonovu verzi a přidat (...) k ní teorii morálního citu. Na rozbor této problematiky se zaměřím v poslední části práce. Práce se zabývá Fergusonovou teorií spadající pouze do období, kdy napsal "An Essay on the History of Civil Society". (shrink)

Když Bůh stvořil Adama, pošeptal mu do ucha: Ve všech kontextech jednání budeš brát v potaz pravidla, byť by to mělo být jenom pravidlo, že se máš pídit po pravidlech, která bys mohl brát v potaz. Přestaneš-li brát v potaz pravidla, budeš chodit po čtyřech.

This article aims to examine Pierre Charron’s conception of solitude, a task which is complicated by the fact that this conception underwent several changes between the two editions of De la sagesse. Unlike the 1601 edition, the 1604 edition includes passages on the importance of the social dimension of the good life, which may look like an exhortation to actively participate in social life in order to acquire civil prudence. In order to clarify the Charronian position on this issue, I (...) undertake a comparative analysis of the two editions of De la Sagesse, as well as an enquiry into the letters sent to a Doctor of the Sorbonne and to Gabriel Michel de La Rochemaillet, in which Charron deepens his reflections on solitude. I will show that Charron describes solitude not only as a physical separation from a civil context, but also as an emotional autonomy which can be reached everywhere. Charron’s perspective on solitude is also the result of his reading of previous philosophers, such as Seneca, Aristotle and Michel de Montaigne, as well as an analysis of Renaissance discussions of the active and contemplative lives. (shrink)

Considérée comme une donnée immédiate chez l'homme, la nature humaine ne s'actualise que dans le monde de la culture. Ce qui signifie que la culture intègre et oriente la nature humaine au point qu'elle devienne une seconde nature. De ce fait, parler d'une actualisation de la nature humaine par la culture, c'est aborder une question philosophique universelle. Cette orientation de la conduite humaine dans le sens de la normativité semble s'inscrire au centre des thèmes de l'éthique contemporaine en tant que (...) défis à relever d'une humanité en crise. (shrink)

En Afrique subsaharienne, les naissances gémellaires sont entourées de nombreuses perceptions et de diverses pratiques culturelles. La présente étude qui fait suite à des travaux (quantitatifs) en lien avec le taux d’accouchement gémellaire ainsi que la surmortalité des enfants jumeaux s’intéresse aux perceptions, connaissances et attitudes des Subsahariens concernant les naissances gémellaires. Elle analyse des entretiens qualitatifs recueillis au Burkina Faso et au Sénégal auprès de jumeaux, de parents de jumeaux et d’acteurs associatifs, médicaux et religieux (94 entretiens). Les principaux (...) résultats indiquent que le jumeau subsaharien demeure un être « extraordinaire », au carrefour de plusieurs mondes culturels ; ils indiquent aussi qu’il est moins craint et moins menacé de nos jours, mais peut-être plus exposé qu’autrefois par une mendicité chronique des mères. (shrink)

The COVID-19 pandemic rapidly led to changes in the mode of teaching, learning and assessments in most tertiary institutions worldwide. Notably, non-invigilated summative assessments became predominant. These changes heightened anxiety and depression, especially among individuals with less resilient coping mechanism. We explored the perceptions and experiences of mental health difficulties of students in tertiary education regarding non-invigilated alternative assessments in comparison to invigilated assessments. A pragmatic, mixed method cross sectional design was conducted online via Qualtrics. Thematic analysis of text was (...) carried out using NVivo 12. In the quantitative analysis, univariable and multivariable ordinal logistic models were used to examine the potential factors for preference among students in higher education. A total of 380 Nursing and Social Science students responded to the survey. Approximately 77% of students perceived non-invigilated assessments to be less stressful compared to invigilated exams. Age, course of study, stage of studies, and number of units enrolled per semester were identified as significant drivers for students’ perceived preference for non-invigilated assessments. There was an inverse relationship between the perception of stress associated with invigilated exams and the age of students. For instance, students aged between 18-24 were 5 times more likely to prefer non-invigilated exams compared to those aged 55 or more. Comparatively, students in early stages of studies had higher preference for non-invigilated assessments. However, there was a preference reversal for students enrolled in 2 or less units per semester. Social sciences students were two times more likely to prefer non-invigilated examinations to invigilated examinations compared to nursing students. The findings reinforce the use of alternative assessments in higher education as a mitigating agency to lessen the mental health burden of tertiary students in post COVID-19 era. (shrink)

Rapport de la conférence scientifique "Jan Amos KomensKi et les problèmes de la pédagogie contemporaine" (Institut pédagogique de l'Université de Poznan, 19-20 novembre 1970). Série d'articles concernant la théorie du pédagogue sur les plus importants problèmes de la pédagogie contemporaine.

Praca poświęcona jest problematyce wartości ideowo-znaczeniowych i estetyczno-przestrzennych w procesie kształtowania architektury. Pole badawcze skoncentrowano na wybranych dziełach Adama Lisika związanych z architekturą sakralną. Praca ma charakter rozważań natury teologiczno-estetycznej, stanowi _resumé _i wyraz głębokiego szacunku dla wieloletniego, bogatego dorobku twórczego Adama Lisika oraz swoistego rodzaju przekaz dla architektów poszukujących własnych ścieżek wiodących do rozwiązywania problemów związanych z kształtowaniem warstwy znaczeniowej przestrzeni architektury sakralnej. Intencją autora niniejszej wypowiedzi jest także zwrócenie uwagi na powiązania architektury z człowiekiem w subtelnej (...) materii jego odczuć i refleksji. Wszak człowiek to nie tylko zbiór atomów i związków chemicznych, to również obdarzona psychiką, poszukująca transcendentalnych wartości swego życia istota duchowa. Ze względu na objętość praca została podzielona na dwie części. Część I zawiera wprowadzenie, opis metody badań, tezę, stan badań oraz opis jednego z przykładów obiektów architektury sakralnej Adama Lisika stanowiący zapowiedź do dalszych rozważań, zamieszczonych w części II pracy, w której zawarto także podsumowanie przeprowadzonych rozważań, wnioski oraz bibliografię. (shrink)

The article reviews the book Korespondencja Adama Adamandego Kochańskiego SJ, edited by Bogdan Lisiak.

The article is devoted to the memory of Vyacheslav Semenovich Stepin and Nikita Nikolaevich Moiseev, whose multifaceted work was integrally focused on philosophical, interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research of the key ideas and principles of universal human-dimensional evolutionism. Other remarkable Russian scientists V.I. Vernadsky, S.P. Kurdyumov, S.P. Kapitsa, D.S. Chernavsky worked in the same tradition of universal evolutionism. While V.I. Vernadsky and N.N. Moiseev had been the originators of that scientific approach, V.S. Stepin provided philosophical foundations for the ideas of those (...) remarkable scientists and thinkers. The scientific legacy of V.S. Stepin and N.N. Moiseev maintained the formation of a new quality of research into the philosophy of science and technology as well as into the philosophy of culture. This new quality is multidimensional and it is difficult to define unambiguously, but we presume the formation of those areas of philosophical knowledge as constructively oriented languages of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary co-participation of philosophy in the convergent-evolutionary development of scientific knowledge in general. In this regard, attention is paid to V.S. Stepin’s affirmations about non-classical nature of modern social and humanitarian knowledge. Quantum mechanics teaches us that the reality revealed through it is a hybrid construct, or symbiosis, of both mean and object of cognition. Therefore, the very act of cognitive observation constructs quantum reality. Thus, it is very close to the process of cognition in modern sociology and psychology. V.S. Stepin insisted that these principles are applicable to all complex selfdeveloping systems, and such are all “human-dimensional” objects of modern humanities. In all the phases of homeostasis changes, or crises, there is necessarily a share of chaos, instability, uncertainty in the selection process of future development scenarios, which is ineliminably affected by our observation. Therefore, a cognitive observer in the humanities should be considered as a concept of post-non-classical rationality, that is as an observer of complexity. (shrink)

Recenzio Kiraly V. Istvan Death and History c. konyverol.

Glava 1. Osmyslenie "ideala" russkim kosmizmom -- Glava 2. Analiz osnovnykh filosofsko-antropologicheskikh ideĭ v russkoĭ religioznoĭ filosofii -- Glava 3. Idei kosmizma v russkoĭ religioznoĭ filosofii -- Glava 4. V.I. Vernadskiĭ o sootnoshenii nauki, filosofii i religii -- Glava 5. Mifologicheskoe i nauchnoe v izuchenii obraza protopopa Avvakuma -- Glava 6. Ėkonomicheskoe razvitie i nravstvennai︠a︡ degradat︠s︡ii︠a︡ cheloveka i obshchestva v format︠s︡ionnom podkhode Karla Marksa i Fridrikha Ėngelʹsa.

v. 1. Obrazovanie v sud'bakh narodov. Education in the fates of nations -- v. 2. Razdumyi︠a︡. Thoughts -- v. 3. Krutogori︠a︡mi zhizni. Steep roads of the life -- v. 4. Ėstetika i tvorchestvo. Aesthetics and creativity -- v. 5. T︠S︡ivilizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ v zhizni planety. The civilization in the life of our planet.

Review the Istvan Kiraly V.'s book: Death and History.

The article analyzes the creativity of one of the most famous Russian neokantians Boris V. Yakovenko. Despite the fact that the work of Yakovenko becomes the subject of analysis of an increasing number of researchers both in Russia and abroad, it has not yet taken place in a systematic analysis. The article attempts to consider the philosophical creativity of the Russian philosopher systematically, revealing both the main directions of European thought that had the greatest influence on the position of Yakovenko (...) and the main areas of philosophy to which the efforts of the national thinker were directed. These, according to the author, include the history of philosophy and the system of so-called transcendental pluralism. It is pointed out that the history of philosophy for Yakovenko is a single holistic process and therefore is the history of the development of philosophical ideas, and not the history of life and work of individual philosophers. According to Yakovenko, the general philosophical scheme of historical development looks like this: from Greek cosmism to German epistemology and the beginning ontological turn in modern philosophy. There is also the belief of B.V. Yakovenko that there is no national philosophy. In his opinion, philosophy, as well as science in General, can only be international. His second main thesis concerning the development of philosophy is that philosophy should be independent from other branches of human knowledge and knowledge. She must not be a servant of theology or science. The article also presents various stages of the Russian philosopher's development of his version of the concept of pluralistic philosophy. According to Yakovenko, only pluralistic philosophy is able to know the essence as the main object of philosophy. (shrink)

Throughout Christianity, its activities are in one way or another connected to the historical reality of its time. Usually, for different epochs, the strength of these bonds was different, but during the Middle Ages, they were significantly stronger than before and after. It is here that perhaps the most important moment was the rise of Christianity, which spread over a relatively short period of time almost throughout Europe. It was then - and never again in all its history - that (...) the Church was able to participate in the formation of all aspects of its contemporary life, in accordance with its spirit. When solving this task, it inevitably came in close contact with the "world" and the various forms in which it was represented. (shrink)

Рассматриваются актуальные проблемы философской антропологии, проводится анализ парадоксов и противоречий, возникающих при изучении человека, тех кардинальных сдвигов в культуре, которые открыли новые стороны человеческого бытия. Для студентов.